Prices as of 2026 · Institutional = tender/contract rate · Retail = open market/chemist MRP · Desflurane pack is 240 mL (Suprane); price shown normalized to 250 mL equivalent
N₂O cylinder reference — India: A-type & D-type
= 16 395 L gas at 20 °C
Cylinder life: —
Sodalime — amortized separately (India: 5 L can standard)
Drägersorb 800+ 5 L · ₹1850–2250
Standard India hospital pack = 5 L
Adult ~200 · Paediatric ~100–150
Product
Pack
₹ Institutional
CO₂ cap (L/L)
Indicator
Drägersorb 800+
5 L
₹ 2,000
221
White → Violet-blue
Intersorb Plus
5 L
₹ 1,800
265
Pink → White (exhausted)
Drägersorb CLIC
1.2 L
₹ 550
221
White → Violet (single use)
CO₂ capacity: Drägersorb 260 mL/g × 850 g/L bulk density = 221 L CO₂/L · Intersorb 265 mL/g × 1000 g/L = 265 L CO₂/L · Source: manufacturer data; Moody et al. Med Gas Res 2020
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Environmental impact — Global Warming Potential (GWP₁₀₀)
Low impact
Agent CO₂-eq / min
—
g CO₂-eq / min
N₂O CO₂-eq / min
—
g CO₂-eq / min (GWP 273)
Total CO₂-eq / min
—
g CO₂-eq / min
Session total CO₂-eq
—
kg CO₂-eq for 60 min
Agent GWP₁₀₀
—
× CO₂ over 100 yr
Equivalent driving
—
km (120 g CO₂/km avg car)
GWP relative to agents (Sevo=1)—
GWP₁₀₀ source: Sulbaek Andersen MG et al. J Phys Chem A 2010 · N₂O: IPCC AR6 2021 (GWP=273) ·
Sevo 130 · Iso 510 · Des 2540 · Halo ~40 ·
Sherman J et al. Anesth Analg 2012;114:1086 · McGain F et al. Anaesth Intens Care 2021
Agent physical properties & MAC — reference
† mL vapour per mL liquid at 20 °C, 1 atm — derived: (ρ/MW) × 24 040 mL/mol.
MAC: Eger EI, Am J Health Syst Pharm 2004;61(S4):S3–10.
N₂O: 1 kg = 546.5 L at 20 °C.
Colour codes: ISO vaporiser convention (Dräger / GE / Penlon).
Core formula — ideal gas law at 20 °C, 1 atm (molar volume 24.04 L/mol):
V_vapor (mL/min) = FGF_total (mL/min) × dial% / 100
n (mol/min) = V_vapor / 24 040
m (g/min) = n × MWagent
V_liq (mL/min) = m / ρagent
N₂O: 1 kg → (1 000/44.01) mol × 24.04 L/mol = 546.5 L at 20 °C
Sodalime (g/min) = CO₂_production (mL/min) ÷ capacity (mL CO₂/g)
References:
1. Biro P. Calculation of volatile anaesthetics consumption from agent concentration and FGF. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 2014;58(8):968–72. PMID 25060161
2. Moody AE et al. Predicting cost of inhalational anaesthesia at low FGF. Med Gas Res 2020;10(2):64–66. PMC7885709
3. Pierce JMT et al. Validation of anaesthetic impact calculator mathematics. Anaesthesia 2020;75(1):112–15. doi:10.1111/anae.14896
4. Eger EI. Characteristics of anaesthetic agents. Am J Health Syst Pharm 2004;61(S4):S3–10.
5. Weinberg L et al. Pharmacoeconomics of volatile agents. Anaesth Intensive Care 2010;38(5). DOI
6. Boldt J et al. Economic considerations: propofol vs volatiles. Anesth Analg 1998;86:504–9. PMID 9495402
7. Odin I, Feiss P. Low flow and economics. Best Pract Res Clin Anaesthesiol 2005;19:399–413.
8. Tollinche L et al. Volatile consumption audit by FGF. Int J Anesthetic Anesthesiol 2018;5:064. Open access
⚠ Workstation purchase price and annual 5% CMC are excluded from amortized cost. Sodalime is an amortized line item separate from agent cost. Cost/MAC-hour is for volatile agent only. Medical oxygen constitutes an essential infrastructure requirement for critical care and anesthesia; consequently, its separate billing is considered unfair business practice under current Indian regulatory guidelines. Disclaimer: This software is intended to be used only for medical education and training. It is not a regulator approved anaesthesia billing software.